TINJAUAN FIQIH MUAMALAH TERHADAP PRAKTIK PAID LOYALTY PROGRAM PADA LAYANAN SHOPEE VIP

Muhammad  Khairur Rafe’i

doi:10.51476/eqpx7921

Authors

Muhammad Khairur Rafe’i UIN Antasari

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51476/eqpx7921

Keywords:

Akad Ijarah, Fiqih Muamalah, Gharar, Kontrak Hybrid, Program Loyalitas Berbayar, VIP

Abstract

The development of e-commerce in Indonesia has encouraged the emergence of various marketing strategy innovations, one of which is paid loyalty programs such as Shopee VIP. This program requires users to pay a membership fee to get various privileges such as exclusive discount vouchers, free shipping, priority access to flash sales, and additional cashback. This study aims to analyze the contract mechanism in the practice of Shopee VIP and determine its legal status from the perspective of fiqh muamalah. The method used is qualitative, descriptive-analytical normative law research with a normative, conceptualization, and analytical approach, using primary legal sources such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and DSN-MUI fatwas, as well as secondary sources in the form of classical fiqh books and contemporary literature. The results of the study show that the practice of Shopee VIP can be predominantly qualified as an ijarah contract for benefits (ijarah 'ala al-manafi'), with elements of a ju'alah contract on the benefit component that is conditional, as well as a grant element on benefits that are given unconditionally. The combination of these contracts forms a hybrid contract structure (murakkab contract) that is allowed by most contemporary fiqh scholars. Analysis of the gharar element shows that the ambiguity that exists in the components of dynamic vouchers and flash sales is still classified as sharia-tolerated gharar yasir. Meanwhile, no substantial elements of maysir were found in the mechanism of this program. Based on the rule of "al-ashlu fil muamalat al-ibahah hatta yadulla dalilun 'ala tahrimiha", the practice of the Shopee VIP paid loyalty program is legal mubah (permissible) with a number of conditions, namely the clarity of the contract, freedom from prohibited elements, and the proportionality of value between the costs and benefits received.

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